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El uso de las aplicaciones informáticas facilita en la actualidad el quehacer de los docentes en la educación médica superior. El objetivo fue confeccionar una aplicación con soporte en dispositivos móviles y computadoras como herramienta para el aprendizaje de la Epidemiología Bucal en la carrera de Estomatología. Se realizó un estudio de desarrollo tecnológico en la Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Granma, de septiembre del 2018 a junio del 2019. Para la confección de la aplicación se identificaron como etapas de trabajo la búsqueda y recopilación de información, selección de herramientas y el diseño. Se validó el producto mediante criterio de expertos en la materia. La efectividad de la utilización del producto se evaluó mediante una prueba pedagógica a los estudiantes que integraron la muestra. La aplicación mostró un diseño claro y atractivo. Ofrece una libre navegación donde se puede llegar, rápido y fácilmente al contenido deseado. En su totalidad los expertos evaluaron el producto de muy adecuado, y todos los usuarios emitieron el criterio de bien en los indicadores medidos. Se concluyó que la herramienta confeccionada permitió al estudiante de estomatología interactuar con los contenidos de la asignatura Epidemiología Bucal, considerándose útil como material de apoyo a la docencia(AU)
The use of computer applications currently facilitates the work of teachers in higher medical education. The objective was to create an application with support for mobile devices and computers as a tool for learning Oral Epidemiology in Stomatology. A study of technological development was carried out at the University of Medical Sciences of Granma, from September 2018 to June 2019. For the preparation of the application, the search and collection of information, selection of tools and design were identified as work stages. The product was validated by the criteria of experts in the field. The effectiveness of use of the product was evaluated by means of a pedagogical test to the students who made up the sample. The application showed a clear and attractive design. It offers free navigation where you can quickly and easily reach the desired content. In its entirety, the experts evaluated the product as very adequate, and all users gave the criterion of good in the measured indicators. It was concluded that the tool allowed the stomatology student to interact with the contents of the subject Oral Epidemiology, considering it useful as a teaching support material(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Medical Informatics Applications , Software , Education, Dental , Mobile ApplicationsABSTRACT
@#As one of the most common chronic diseases of the oral cavity, caries gradually accumulate over the lifetime and affect approximately 80% of the world population. The epidemiological characteristics of the disease are specific in terms of regional distribution, temporal distribution and population distribution. Caries prevalence and mean decayed, missing and filled permanent teeth (mean DMFT) scores are the most commonly used indexes in oral epidemiology. Caries prevalence is used to describe the frequency of caries over a certain period of time. In addition, DMFT scores reflect the severity of caries in the population. The caries prevalence and the severity of caries are assessed as part of a dynamic process. In developing countries, caries prevalence is higher among urban populations than among rural populations. Currently, the epidemic characteristics of caries in urban and rural areas are changing, and the caries prevalence of urban residents is lower than that of rural residents. This article is a chronological review of the Oral Health Epidemiological Surveys of China from 1983 to 2015, the Preventive Dentistry study and other related studies. It is concluded that the epidemic characteristics of caries in urban and rural areas in China have changed from a higher caries prevalence in urban areas compared to that in rural areas to a lower caries prevalence in urban areas compared to that in rural areas. Several factors, such as the dynamic development of differences in dietary habits, economic levels and access to oral medical resources of urban and rural residents might have led to changes in caries prevalence in urban and rural areas. The caries prevalence of rural residents has increased greatly, which indicates that the caries prevention efforts of the relevant departments should be focused more on rural areas in the future.
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Objective @# To investigate the oral health behavior of urban and rural students in the 12~15 year age group in Guangdong Province, aiming to provide informational support for adolescent oral health care.@*Methods @#A multistage stratified sampling method with equal capacity and simple random sampling was applied to obtain representative samples. A total of 7 680 students aged 12 to 15 were selected from Guangdong Province, with 1 920 in each age group of 12, 13, 14 and 15 years; half were male and half were female, and half were from urban areas and half were from rural areas. According to the Fourth National Oral Health Epidemiology Questionnaire Survey Program, a standard questionnaire was designed to conduct on-the-spot investigations on sugar intake, brushing, dental floss usage, fluoride toothpaste usage.@*Results @#① Eating before a meal and before bed: the proportion of sweet snacks, sweet drinks and sugary drinks consumed ≥2 times/day was higher in the rural group than in the urban group (P < 0.001), with only sugary drinks consumed significantly differently by age (P < 0.001). ② The rural group had a significantly lower proportion of brushing ≥ 2 times/day, flossing habits and fluoride toothpaste habits than the urban @*Conclusions@#Among the students aged 12 to 15 in Guangdong Province, the rural group had a higher proportion of consuming desserts, sweet drinks and sweetened drinks. The proportion of brushing ≥ 2 times/day was lower, and the usage rate of floss and fluoride toothpaste was lower.
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Obiective@#To investigate the current status of remaining teeth and edentulous jaw arch of people aged 35⁃44, 55⁃64 and 65⁃ 74 in Guangdong province.@*Methods@#An equal⁃ sized stratified multi⁃stage randomly sampling design was applied to select a total of 288 Guangdong residents in urban and rural areas, and the subjects were between the age of 35⁃44, 55⁃64 and 65⁃74, with a gender ratio of half to half. The status of remaining teeth and edentulous jaw arch were assessed according to the Guideline for the 4th National Oral Health Survey. @*Results@#88.89% subjects in the 35⁃44 year group had more than 28 teeth and 100% subjects had more than 20 teeth, with an average of 29.88 teeth remaining and no edentulous jaw. The average remaining teeth was 26.06 in the group of 55 ⁃ 64 year, with 87.50% subjects having more than 20 teeth, 59.03% subjects having 28 or more teeth, 4.16% subjects having single edentulous jaw arch, and 1.04% subjects having both edentulous jaw arch. 73.96% and 35.07% subjects in the group of 65⁃74 year had 20 above or 28 above remaining teeth, respectively, and the average teeth was 22.94. There were 8.34% subjects having single edentulous jaw arch and 1.39% subjects having both edentulous jaws. In the 35⁃44 and 65⁃74 year group, the prevalence of missing teeth in the female was significantly higher than the male (P < 0.05), while no significant difference was found between urban and rural areas (P > 0.05). More remaining teeth were noticed in current survey (2015) when compared to the data in 2005 (P < 0.05). @*Conclusion@#The 35⁃44 year people have few lost teeth, and over half of the elderly people have several lost teeth. Elderly people with edentulous arch are very few.
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Objective @# To investigate the current status of gingival bleeding and dental calculus in the 12- to 74-year old population in Guangdong Province with the aim of providing information to support oral health care.@*Methods @# A stratified, multistage, random sampling design was used to obtain 7 provincially representative sample groups consisting of 8, 544 Guangdong residents aged 12, 13, 14, 15, 35-44, 55-64 and 65-74 years old with a 50/50 gender ratio. The status of gingival bleeding and dental calculus in the whole mouth was assessed according to the Guidelines of the Fourth National Oral Health Survey using a CPI probe. The resulting data were analyzed using the SAS9.2 package. @*Results @#The prevalence of gingival bleeding in residents aged 12, 13, 14, 15, 35-44, 55-64 and 65-74 years old was 43.75%, 42.76%, 49.06%, 39.38%, 81.94%, 90.97%, and 84.03%, respectively, while the average number of teeth with gingival bleeding per person was 1.95, 2.07, 2.59, 2.39, 9.62, 10.36, and 9.98, respectively. In the 12-, 13-, 14-, and 15-year-old groups, peak prevalence was observed at age 14 (P < 0.05). In the 35-74-year-old group, the prevalence and mean number of teeth with gingival bleeding per person increased with age, and both parameters reached a peak in the 55-64-year-old group. The prevalence of dental calculus in the 12-, 13-, 14-, 15-, 35-44-, 55-64- and 65-74-year-old group was 40.57%, 41.09%, 45.05%, 54.84%, 98.96%, 97.22%, and 92.01%, respectively, and on average, each person had 1.61, 1.71, 2.14, 3.52, 20.30, 20.55, and 17.26 teeth, respectively, with dental calculus. The prevalence and mean number of teeth with dental calculus increased with age. In the 35- to 74- year-old group, the prevalence of dental calculus was higher in urban areas than in rural areas and the mean number of teeth with dental calculus was higher in males than in females. Otherwise, there were no significant differences in the prevalence or the mean number of teeth with dental calculus or gingival bleeding between urban and rural areas or between males and females. @*Conclusion @#There is a high prevalence of both gingival bleeding and dental calculus in all 7 age groups in Guangdong, indicating that poor oral hygiene and gingival inflammation are common in Guangdong Province.
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Objective@#To investigate the dental fluorosis status of permanent teeth of a 12-year-old population of Guangdong Province to provide informational support for oral health care in Guangdong.@*Methods @#An equal-sized cross-sectional random-sample assessment was carried out among 1 920 urban and rural residents of Guangdong Province, half male and half female, aged 12 years. We examined the dental fluorosis status of complete permanent teeth crown based on a health survey and the criteria of clinical dental fluorosis from the fourth national oral health survey. The data were analyzed by SAS9.2 to investigate the prevalence and community fluorosis index as well as gender and urban and rural differences, and compared with the prevalence of fluorosis in Guangdong Province in 2005 and 1995.@*Results @# In the 12-year-old population, the prevalence of dental fluorosis was 5.05%, and the community fluorosis index was 0.108. There was no significant difference between genders（P > 0.05）, but there was a significant difference between subjects from urban and rural areas（P < 0.05）. There were significant differences among prevalence of dental fluorosis and community fluorosis index in 1995, 2005 and 2015—2016（P < 0.05）.@*Conclusion@# The prevalence of dental fluorosis and the community fluorosis index of 12-year-old people of Guangdong Province are relatively low, but there is an upward trend.
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Objective@#To understand the level and current status of oral health knowledge among people aged 35-44 years in Guangdong Province and to provide a reference for oral health education in Guangdong Province.@*Methods@#An equal-sized, stratified, multistage, random sampling design was applied to obtain representative sample groups consisting of 288 Guangdong residents aged 35-44 years in four urban areas and four rural areas with a gender ratio of one to one. According to the Guideline of the 4th National Oral Health Survey, a questionnaire survey was conducted, and a statistical analysis of the questionnaire responses related to oral health knowledge was performed.@*Results@#In total, 288 people participated in the survey, of which 95.8 percent were aware that “Oral health is very important to their own lives, and the prevention of oral diseases depends on themselves first”, 76.0% recognized that “Regular oral examination is very necessary”, and 66.7% disagreed that “Teeth were innate and had little to do with their own protection”. The percentages of participants that agreed with the statements “Eating sugar can cause dental caries”, “Oral disease may affect general health”, “Bacteria may cause dental caries” and “Bacteria may cause gum inflammation” were 87.2%, 84.7%, 80.9%, and 80.2%, respectively. However, the rates of awareness that teeth could be protected by fluoride and by pit and fissure sealant were only 36.8% and 18.8%, respectively.@*Conclusion@#General knowledge of oral health care was relatively high among adults aged 35-44 years in Guangdong Province, but knowledge of fluoride, pit and fissure sealing and caries prevention was relatively low. Oral health education should be continuously improved, especially regarding the popularization of oral health knowledge.
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@#Obiective To investigate the current status of remaining teeth and edentulous jaw arch of people aged 35-44, 55-64 and 65- 74 in Guangdong province. Methods An equal- sized stratified multi-stage randomly sampling design was applied to select a total of 288 Guangdong residents in urban and rural areas, and the subjects were between the age of 35-44, 55-64 and 65-74, with a gender ratio of half to half. The status of remaining teeth and edentulous jaw arch were assessed according to the Guideline for the 4th National Oral Health Survey. Results 88.89% subjects in the 35-44 year group had more than 28 teeth and 100% subjects had more than 20 teeth, with an average of 29.88 teeth remaining and no edentulous jaw. The average remaining teeth was 26.06 in the group of 55-64 year, with 87.50% subjects having more than 20 teeth, 59.03% subjects having 28 or more teeth, 4.16% subjects having single edentulous jaw arch, and 1.04% subjects having both edentulous jaw arch. 73.96% and 35.07% subjects in the group of 65-74 year had 20 above or 28 above remaining teeth, respectively, and the average teeth was 22.94. There were 8.34% subjects having single edentulous jaw arch and 1.39% subjects having both edentulous jaws. In the 35-44 and 65-74 year group, the prevalence of missing teeth in the female was significantly higher than the male (P < 0.05), while no significant difference was found between urban and rural areas (P > 0.05). More remaining teeth were noticed in current survey (2015) when compared to the data in 2005 (P < 0.05). Conclusion The 35-44 year people have few lost teeth, and over half of the elderly people have several lost teeth. Elderly people with edentulous arch are very few.
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Objective@#To investigate the status of tooth caries of 6-8 years old school children in Zhongkai Hi-Tech Zone of Huizhou city, and to provide scientific data for prevention and treatment on caries. @*Methods @# Referring to the Guideline for the 3rd National Oral Health Survey, the dental caries status of 1-2 grade students in 32 primary schools were investigated, and the data were analyzed by SPSS 14.0 statistical software.@*Results @# The prevalence rate of deciduous teeth caries in 4 390 children was 67.4%, and the DMFT was 3.94; The eruption rate of the first molars was 81.5%, with the prevalence rate of caries was 24.3%, and the DMFT was 0.448. The rate of caries for 8 years old children is higher than in 6-7 years old children (P < 0.001). @*Conclusion@#There is a high caries rate in children in Zhongkai Hi-Tech Zone of Huizhou, so oral health education, primary teeth caries treatment, and fissure sealant of permanent teeth should be strengthened.
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Objective @#To investigate the current status of caries on permanent teeth in a population of 55-74-year-old in Guangdong Province, thus to provide scientific basis for the establishment of oral health care policies in Guangdong. @*Methods@#An equal-sized stratified multi-stage randomly sampling design was applied to obtain representative sample groups consisted of 288 Guangdong residents each, aged at either 55-64 or 65-74 years old, with a gender ratio of half to half. The caries on the crowns and roots of permanent teeth were assessed according to "The Guideline for the 4th National Oral Health Survey"; thereafter the prevalence and mean DFT (decayed and filled tooth) of permanent teeth were calculated. @*Results @#In the population of 55-64-year-old, the prevalence of crown caries was 77.08%, with a mean DFT of 2.94, and a filled rate of 21.87%; while the prevalence of root caries was 59.38%, with a mean DFT of 1.82, and a filled rate of 9.18%; and the prevalence of residual roots was 46.18%. In the population of 65-74-year-old, the prevalence of crown caries was 81.25%, with a mean DFT of 3.45, and a filled rate of 16.40%; while the prevalence of root caries was 63.19%, with a mean DFT of 2.34, and a filled rate of 9.18%; and the prevalence of residual roots was 50.35%. In the population of 55-64-year-old, the prevalence and the mean DFT of crown caries were higher in female when compared to male. And the mean DFT of root caries were higher in countryside when compared to the urban opponents. In the population of 65-74-year-old, the female had higher mean DFT score in crown caries than that in male. And the prevalence of caries of root and mean DFT of root caries were higher in countryside than that in the urban opponents.@*Conclusion@#There was a high level of crown and root caries in Guangdong adults, while the filling rate was low, most of the involved teeth were not filled.
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Objective@#To investigate the current status of caries on permanent teeth in adult population at the age of 35⁃44 years old in Guangdong Province, thus to provide scientific basis for the establishment of oral health care policies in Guangdong.@*Methods@#An equal⁃sized stratified multi⁃stage randomly sampling design was applied to obtain represen⁃ tative sample groups consisted of 288 Guangdong residents each, aged at 35⁃44 years old, with a gender ratio of half to half. The caries on the crowns and roots of permanent teeth were assessed according to The Guideline for the 4th National Oral Health Survey; thereafter the prevalence and mean DFT (decayed and filled tooth) of permanent teeth were calculat⁃ ed. The data obtained were analyzed using SAS9.2 package.@*Results@#In 35⁃44 year ⁃old population, the prevalence of crown caries was 71.18%, with a mean DFT of 2.76, and a filled rate of 36.78%; while the prevalence of root caries was 28.47%, with a mean DFT of 0.66, and a filled rate of 4.23%. The prevalence of caries of crown and root and mean DFT of crown caries were higher in countryside when compared to the urban opponents. And female had higher prevalence and mean DFT score in crown and root caries when compared to male. However, the mean DFT score of root caries in urban was almost the same as that in countryside.@*Conclusion@#There was a high level of crown caries in Guangdong. Although the prevalence of root caries is low, most of the involved roots was not filled.
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Objective@# To explore the caries status of permanent teeth among 12-15-year-old population in Guangdong Province, and to provide information support for oral health care. @*Methods @#A cross-sectional survey was carried out among 7 680 urban and rural residents in Guangdong Province. Subjects were from four different age groups (aged 12, 13, 14 and 15), with 1 920 people in each group. An equal-sized stratified multistage randomly sampling was used, with a gender ratio of half to half in each group. According to the criteria of clinical dentition examination of the fourth national oral health survey, the crown caries of permanent teeth in the whole mouth were recorded using CPI probe. And then the prevalence, the mean DMFT (decayed-missing-filled tooth), the filled rate were calculated. @*Results @# The prevalence of crown caries in the groups of aged 12, aged 13, aged 14, aged 15 were 43.07%, 45.31%, 49.69%, 52.86%, respectively. The mean DMFTs were 1.06, 1.13, 1.38, 1.59, respectively. The filled rates were 20.19%, 21.50%, 22.86%, 21.33%, respectively. The prevalence and the mean DMFT increased with age (P < 0.001), and both were higher than that in 2005. There were significant differences in the prevalence and the mean DMFT between urban and rural areas and between male and female (P < 0.001). @*Conclusion@# According to the criteria of the mean DMFT in 12-year-old population of WHO, the severity of caries of permanent teeth in Guangdong was regarded as "very low". But the severity was higher than that in 2005, and the filled rate was low.
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Objective@#To explore the dental deciduous teeth caries among 3-5-year-old children in Guangdong Province and to provide information support for oral health care of Guangdong Province. @*Methods@#A cross-sectional survey was carried out among 2 592 urban and rural residents in Guangdong. Subjects were from three different age groups (aged 3, 4 and 5), with 864 children in each group. Male and female were 1:1 in each group. An equal sized sampling with stratified multistage method was used. According to the criteria of clinical dentition examination of the fourth national oral health survey, the dental caries in deciduous teeth were recorded using CPI probe. And then the prevalence, the mean dmft (decayed-missing-filled tooth), the filled rate were calculated. @*Results @#The prevalence of dental caries in deciduous teeth in the three groups of aged 3, aged 4, aged 5 were 58.33%, 68.40%, and 78.47% independently; the mean dmft were 3.03, 4.34, and 5.69 independently; the filled rate were 0.92%, 1.47%, 1.26% independently. There were significant differences in the prevalence and the mean dmft between urban and rural areas and among different age groups. There was no significant difference in the prevalence regarding the gender in each group, The mean dmft in the group of aged 3 in female were higher than that in male, while no gender differences were found in the groups of aged 4 and aged 5. The prevalence and the mean dmft of 5-year-old children were higher than that in 2005. @*Conclusion@#The 3-5-year-old children of Guangdong Province had a really high prevalence of dental caries in deciduous teeth. More than 98% of the caries are unfilled, treatment need is extremely huge. The 3-5-year-old children are the main target for us to prevent the early childhood caries.
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Objective @# To investigate current status of periodontal health in the population at the age of 15-74 in Guangdong province and provide information for oral health care in Guangdong. @*Methods@# A stratified multistage randomly sampling design was applied to obtain 4 provincially representative sample groups consisted of 2784 Guangdong residents, aged at 15, 35-44, 55-64 and 65-74 respectively, with a gender ratio of half to half. The status of probing depth (PD) and loss of attachment (LOA) of the whole mouth were assessed according to the Guideline for the fourth National Oral Health Survey by using a CPI probe, and the data obtained were analyzed with SAS9.2 package.@*Results @#The prevalence of shallow periodontal pocket in the 15, 35-44, 55-64 and 65-74 years old group were 0.52%, 38.54%, 49.65%, 47.22% with 0.02, 2.05, 3.74, 2.80 affected teeth on average. The corresponding percentages of deep periodontal pocket in the 4 groups were 0.05%, 3.47%, 15.97%, 9.03% with 0, 0.07, 0.31, 0.16 affected teeth on average. Prevalence and the mean affected teeth of 4-5 mm LOA were 0.10%, 26.74%, 33.68%, 35.07% and 0, 1.54, 4.33, 4.05. The prevalence and the mean affected teeth of 6-8 mm LOA were 0, 6.94%, 32.29%, 27.08% and 0, 0.24, 1.23, 0.97. The prevalence of LOA≥4 mm were 0.10%, 35.07%, 79.17%, 74.65% and the prevalence of LOA≥6 mm were 0, 8.33%, 45.49%, 39.58%. In the 35-74 years old group, the prevalence and the mean teeth with PD and LOA increased with age and reached a peak in 55-64 years old group (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in the prevalence and the mean teeth of PD and LOA between urban and rural areas. The mean teeth of PD in 35-44 and 55-64 years old groups were significant higher in the male than the female. The prevalence and the mean teeth with LOA were both significant higher in the male than the female.@*Conclusion @#The periodontal diseases indications are common in 35-74 years old people and most necessary at the age of 55-64 in Guangdong. The periodontal health may have extensive influence on oral health status in the middle-aged and the elder population in Guangdong.
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Introducción: La Fluorosis dental es un problema de salud bucal que se puede presentar en diferentes grados de severidad según la exposición a fluoruros durante la formación dental, la OMS recomienda hacer vigilancia de este problema en la población. Objetivo: Estimar la prevalencia y severidad de fluorosis dental, en niños de 12 y 15 años de edad, que asistieron a consulta odontológica durante el año 2014 a la ESE Hospital San Rafael del Municipio de Andes (Antioquia). Materiales y métodos: Estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo de 400 registros de los niños de 12 y 15 años que asistieron a consulta odontológica durante el año 2014; de los cuales 192 fueron reportados como casos de Fluorosis dental, y habían sido examinados con base en los criterios del índice de Deán, mediante inspección visual de las superficies vestibulares de doce dientes. Se estimaron las prevalencias y niveles de severidad de fluorosis dental por edad, sexo y zona de residencia. Resultados: La prevalencia de fluorosis dental fue de 48%, siendo las formas muy leve y leve las más frecuentes con el 30%, mientras que la fluorosis moderada se encontró en el 16% y la severa en el 2%. Conclusiones: La alta prevalencia de fluorosis dental en los niños de 12 y 15 años del municipio de Andes, indica la necesidad de hacer vigilancia del problema, así como implementar medidas orientadas al control del riesgo de fluorosis dental en la población.
Introduction: Dental fluorosis is a problem of oral health that occurs in varying degrees of severity depending on exposure to fluoride during tooth formation, the WHO recommends monitoring this problem in the population. Objetive: To determine prevalence and severity of dental fluorosis in children, who visited to the dentist's office during 2014 at the ESE Hospital San Rafael in Andes municipality (Antioquia). Materials and methods: Descriptive, retrospective study of four hundred records of children aged 12 and 15 who visited to the dentist's office during 2014; of which 192 were reported as cases of dental fluorosis, and had been examined by visual inspection of labial surfaces in twelve teeth, according the Dean index. The prevalence and severity levels of dental fluorosis by age, sex and area of residence were estimated. Results: The prevalence of dental fluorosis was 48%, being the most frequent very mild and mild forms with 30%, while moderate fluorosis was 16% and severe 2%. Conclusions: The high prevalence of dental fluorosis in children aged 12 and 15 of Andes municipality, indicate the need to continue monitoring the problem and to implement measures aimed at controlling the risk of dental fluorosis in the population.
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La extracción dentaria es una de las prácticas odontológicas realizadas con mayor frecuencia, pero a corto plazo los pacientes necesitan rehabilitaciones orales para optimizar el funcionamiento del sistema estomatognático. Dado que conocer las características de la población que demanda exodoncias puede contribuir a elaborar estrategias para limitar la pérdida de piezas dentarias, nos propusimos 1) registrar las características de la población que demanda exodoncias; 2) identificar las piezas dentarias extraídas; 3) registrar las causas de exodoncia; 4) identificar patologías bucales durante la consulta para una exodoncia. Para llevarlo a cabo se seleccionaron aleatoriamente 2000 historias clínicas de pacientes que concurrieron a la Cátedra de Cirugía y Traumatología Buco Maxilofacial I de la Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad de Buenos Aires (FOUBA) y se realizaron exodoncias con anestesia local entre enero de 2012 y mayo de 2014...
Dental extraction is one of the most frequent practices in dentistry, causing necessary oral rehabilitation to ensure normal stomatognathic system function. The purpose of this study was to get to know the characteristics of the population in need of dental extraction so as to develop strategies tending to limit teeth loss. We set to 1) record the characteristics of the population on demand for dental extraction; 2) Identify teeth extracted; 3) Record cause of dental extraction; 4) Identify oral pathologies during examination for dental extraction. We selected 2000 Records of patients who attended Cátedra de Cirugía y Traumatología Bucomaxilofacial I de la Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad de Buenos Aires, FOUBA for dental extraction with local anesthetics in the period between January 2002 and May 2014...
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adolescent , Adult , Female , Child , Young Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Tooth Extraction/statistics & numerical data , Tooth Diseases/epidemiology , Tooth Diseases/etiology , Schools, Dental , Age and Sex Distribution , Argentina , Dental Caries/complications , Cuspid/surgery , Molar/surgery , Bicuspid/surgery , Mouth Diseases/classification , Tooth Loss/complications , Retrospective Studies , Data Interpretation, StatisticalABSTRACT
Introducción y objetivo: La construcción de línea de base de los indicadores de experiencia de caries dental a nivel local, de acuerdo con las directrices de las metas globales en salud bucal propuestas por la OMS, es una prioridad para las autoridades de salud. El propósito de este estudio fue establecer los indicadores línea de base de experiencia y prevalencia de caries dental en dentición permanente, en niños de 12 años de edad del municipio de Andes. Materiales y métodos: se examinaron 164 niños/as, que asistieron a consulta odontológica, en un periodo de un año, en quienes se evaluó la presencia de caries cavitacional en dentina y caries limitada al esmalte dental, con base en algunos criterios del sistema ICDAS. Se calcularon la prevalencia y experiencia de caries dental, y los índices CPO-D y SiC. Resultados: El 60,4% de los niños tenía experiencia de caries (CPO-D>0), el promedio del CPO-D clásico y modificado fue 1,6±1,7 y 1,7±1,8, respectivamente. El índice significante de caries fue 3,7±1,2. Conclusión: El municipio de Andes cumplió con la meta 1 del Plan Nacional de Salud pública, sin embargo, el SiC evidencia la concentración del problema de caries dental en una parte de los niños/as de 12 años de edad; situación que debe explorarse con estudios en mayor profundidad.
Introduction and objective: The construction of baseline indexes of dental caries experience based on global oral health goals proposed by the World Health Organization, is a priority for health authorities. The aim of this study was to establish baseline indexes of experience and prevalence of dental caries in 12- year old children in permanent dentition from the municipality of Andes in Colombia. Materials and methods: One hundred and sixty four children were examined during a 12 month period in order to assess carious lesions which involved dentin and those confined to enamel using some ICDAS criteria. Prevalence and dental caries experience, DMFT and SiC indexes were calculated. Results: 60.4% of the children presented cavitational caries experience. Aaverage Classic and modified DMFT scores were 1.6 ± 1.7 and 1.7 ± 1.8, respectively. SiC index was 3.7 ± 1.2. Conclusions: The municipality Andes complies with the goal established by the National Public Health Plan, however, the significant caries index indicates that the disease is concentrated in a small group. This situation should be explored in further studies.
ABSTRACT
Introdução: As más oclusões são anomalias bucais frequentes entre os pré-escolares e os hábitos bucais deletérios são considerados um dos seus principais fatores etiológicos. Objetivo: Descrever a prevalência e os fatores associados à má oclusão na dentição decídua, além de analisar a associação entre transtornos mentais comuns maternos e hábitos bucais deletérios em pré-escolares residentes em áreas da Estratégia Saúde da Família de Salvador-BA. Material e método: Quinhentas e vinte e oito crianças com idade entre 18 e 48 meses participaram deste estudo de corte transversal, que avaliou a ocorrência de má oclusão e entrevistou suas mães, de julho a dezembro de 2007. Análise multivariada foi realizada utilizando-se análise de regressão logística não condicional e a Razão de Prevalência foi obtida mediante a regressão de Poisson robusta. Resultado: A prevalência de má oclusão foi de 35,98% e, dentre os fatores que se associaram a esta ocorrência, destacam-se: tempo de aleitamento materno (RP = 2,43, IC 95% 1,77 3,34) e hábitos bucais deletérios (RP = 7,94, IC 95% 5,36 11,76). Estes se associaram com os distúrbios mentais maternos (RP bruta = 1,36, IC 95% 1,09 1,69) e, entre as mães com mais de dois filhos, esta associação foi ainda maior (RP ajustada = 1,72, IC 95% 1,15 2,57). Conclusão: Transtornos mentais maternos associam-se à ocorrência dos hábitos bucais deletérios, cuja causalidade necessita ser mais bem investigada, levando-se em conta o contexto familiar.
Introduction: Malocclusions are oral anomalies frequent among preschool children, and deleterious oral habits are considered a major etiological factor. Objective: To describe the prevalence and factors associated to malocclusion in deciduous teeth and to analyze the association between common mother?s mental disorders and deleterious oral habits in preschool children living in areas assisted by Family Health Strategy in Salvador, State of Bahia. Method: Five hundred twenty eight children with ages between 18 and 48 months participated in this cross-sectional study, which evaluated malocclusion and interviewed their mothers, from July to December 2007. Multivariate analysis was carried out using unconditional logistic regression and the Prevalence Ratio was obtained by robust Poisson regression analysis. Result: The prevalence of malocclusion was of 35.98% and among the factors that were related to this effect, are duration of breastfeeding (PR = 2.43, CI 95% 1.77 3.34) and deleterious oral habits (PR = 7.94, CI 95% 5.36 11.76). These factors were associated with mother?s mental disorders (PR crude = 1.36, CI 95% 1.09 1.69), and among mothers of more than 2 children, this association was even bigger (PR adjusted = 1.72, CI 95% 1.15 2.57). Conclusion: Mother's mental disorders were associated to the occurrence of deleterious oral habits, which causality needs to be better investigated taking into account the family context.
Subject(s)
Humans , Infant , Child, Preschool , Tooth, Deciduous , Family , Oral Health , Epidemiology , Habits , Malocclusion , Prevalence , Surveys and Questionnaires , House CallsABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To assess the epidemiological characteristics and associated oral lesions of HIV adult carriers in a southern Brazilian city. METHODS: A retrospective survey was conducted to review the medical records of 534 patients treated at 5 referral health centers. RESULTS: Nearly 52% of the patient sample was male, 88.2% were older than 30 years of age, 58% had been diagnosed with an advanced stage of HIV disease and 78.1% presented rapid rates of HIV progression to AIDS. Harmful habits were common (31.9%), and 35% of the patients were unemployed. Approximately 60% of the subjects used highly active antiretroviral therapy. Tuberculosis was the most commonly observed systemic illness (18.5%), and oral candidiasis was the most prevalent lesion in the oral cavity (50%). A higher risk for tuberculosis onset was associated to illicit drugs use and oral candidiasis and hairy leukoplakia. CONCLUSION: The high prevalence of concurrent diseases and the rapid progression to AIDS highlight the need for early diagnosis and access to treatment. Professionals must be made aware about the onset of HIV-related oral lesions that would be helpful to diagnose HIV or serve as indicators of a worsening condition.
OBJETIVO: Avaliar o perfil epidemiológico de portadores do HIV com manifestações estomatológicas em uma cidade sul brasileira. METODOLOGIA: Conduziu-se um estudo transversal, retrospectivo em 534 prontuários médicos de pacientes atendidos em 5 centros de referência. RESULTADOS: Cerca de 52% dos pacientes eram do gênero masculino; 88,2% eram maiores de 30 anos, 58% foram diagnosticados no estágio avançado da doença e 78,1% apresentaram rápida progressão para AIDS. A prática de hábitos nocivos foi comum (39,1%) e 35% estavam desempregados. Aproximadamente 60% dos sujeitos usavam terapia antirretroviral composta. A tuberculose foi a doença sistêmica mais comumente observada (18,5%) e a candidíase bucal a manifestação estomatológica mais prevalente (50%). Um maior risco para a ocorrência de tuberculose foi observado nos portadores de candidíase bucal e leucoplasia pilosa que faziam uso de drogas ilícitas. CONCLUSÃO: A elevada prevalência de doenças oportunistas e a rápida progressão para AIDS suscitam maior atenção para o diagnóstico precoce e acesso ao tratamento. Os profissionais devem ser alertados sobre a ocorrência de lesões bucais associadas ao HIV, pois podem sugerir a presença de infecção pelo vírus ou indicar uma pior condição de saúde do paciente.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Diagnosis, Oral/methods , Epidemiology , Developing Countries/statistics & numerical data , Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/diagnosisABSTRACT
Oral health diseases are common in all regions of the world and their impact on anatomical and social functioning is widely acknowledged. Their distributions are unequal between and within countries, with the greatest burden falling on disadvantaged and socially marginalized populations. The risk factors and social determinants for oral diseases have been comprehensively documented, and the evidence base for their prevention is growing. However, decisions on health care are still often made without a solid grounding in research evidence. Translation of research into policy and practice should be a priority for all. Both community and individual interventions need tailoring to achieve a more equal and person-centered preventive focus and reduce any social gradient in health. The major challenges of the future will be to translate knowledge and experiences in oral disease prevention and health promotion into action programmes. The international oral health research community needs to engage further in research capacity building and in strengthening the work so that research is recognized as the foundation of oral health policy at global level.